Anatomy
Origin:
Transverse processes of C2 to C7.
Insertion:
Upper surface of the 1st rib, posterior to the groove for the subclavian artery.
Key Relations:
-Largest and longest of the scalenes.
-The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery pass between the anterior scalene and the middle scalene.
Functions
-Elevates the 1st rib.
-Rotates the neck to the opposite side.
-An accessory muscle of inspiration.
Supply
Nerve Supply:
Anterior rami of C3 to C7.
Blood Supply:
Ascending cervical artery arising from the inferior thyroid artery.
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